Andean soils are relatively young and are subject to great erosion by water and winds because of the steep gradients of much of the land. The mountains have a large effect on the temperatures of nearby areas. The southern section is rainy and cool, the central section is dry and the northern section is rainy and warm.Temperature, atmospheric pressure, and humidity decrease in higher elevations.South of latitude 40°S, annual precipitation is higher, whereas to the north, it diminishes considerably and becomes seasonal. Examples of ocean-continent convergent boundaries are subduction of the Nazca Plate under South America (which has created the Andes Range) and subduction. Using only 1-2 fingers on each cracker, slowly push them together. Take two double-stacked crackers and place them apart from each another on top of the cream. Part 3 Convergent Plate Boundaries (continental plate + continental plate) 1. The highest peak is Mount Aconcagua (6,962 m) (volcanic origin, but now it’s dormant). Determine what type of plate boundary this represents, and record it in the blanks, above.The Andes are the highest mountain range outside Asia.Alternations among these three tectonic regimes reflect contrasting degrees of mechanical coupling along the plate boundary between South America and the subducting oceanic slab. The world’s highest volcanoes are in the Andes, including Ojos del Salado (~6,890 m high) on the Chile-Argentina border. Growth of the Andes mountains involved fluctuations among three different tectonic regimes: shortening, extension, and neutral conditions.The Andes range has many active volcanoes distributed in four volcanic zones separated by areas of inactivity. It is spread across Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Venezuela.They separate a narrow western coastal area from the rest of the continent. It spreads from the southern tip of South America to the continent’s northernmost coast on the Caribbean.Continuous highland along the western edge of South America It is the longest continental mountain range in the world, with a length of ~7,000 Km. They are also part of the American Cordillera, a chain of mountain ranges ( cordillera) that consists of a continuous sequence of mountain ranges forming the western “backbone” of North America, Central America, South America, and Antarctica.The Andes are not a single line of peaks but a succession of parallel and transverse mountain ranges, or cordilleras, and of plateaus and depressions.The Andes were formed as a result of convergent tectonic plate boundary processes, caused by the subduction of the Nazca Plate ( oceanic crust) beneath the South American Plate.
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